Percentage word problems

Japanese school year: Elementary 5

What you learn

Learn how to identify base and compared quantities from word problems to find ratios correctly. This method is widely used in daily situations such as calculating discounts and analyzing statistical data. Prior mastery of decimal multiplication and division will make solving these problems much smoother.

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Key points

This formula is used to find the quantity $A$ corresponding to ratio $p$ of a base amount $B$ . It is calculated as base amount $B \times$ ratio $p$ .

A = B \times p

This formula is used to find the amount $A$ after a discount or decrease by ratio $p$ . Multiply the original amount $B$ by the remaining proportion $(1 - p)$ .

A = B(1 - p)

This formula is used to find the total amount $A$ after an increase or markup by ratio $p$ . Multiply the original amount $B$ by the total increased proportion $(1 + p)$ .

A = B(1 + p)

This formula is used to convert $r\%$ from a word problem into a decimal ratio $p$ for calculations. Divide the percentage value $r$ by $100$ .

p = \frac{r}{100}

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Practice 1Coming soon