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Speed, time and distance

Speed & unit rates

Japanese school year: Elementary 5

What you learn

Learn the relationships among speed, time, and distance, and how to calculate each quantity using formulas. This concept is useful in daily life for estimating travel times and distances. A solid foundation in basic multiplication and division is helpful before beginning.

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Key points

This formula is used to calculate the distance dd traveled. It is found by multiplying the speed vv by the elapsed time tt. For example, traveling at 60 km/h60\text{ km/h} for 22 hours covers a distance of 60×2=120 km60 \times 2 = 120\text{ km}.

d=v×td = v \times t

This formula is used to calculate the speed vv of motion. It is determined by dividing the distance traveled dd by the time taken tt. For example, covering 120 km120\text{ km} in 22 hours gives a speed of 120÷2=60 km/h120 \div 2 = 60\text{ km/h}.

v=dtv = \frac{d}{t}

This formula is used to calculate the travel time tt. It is determined by dividing the total distance dd by the speed vv. For example, traveling 120 km120\text{ km} at 60 km/h60\text{ km/h} takes 120÷60=2120 \div 60 = 2 hours.

t=dvt = \frac{d}{v}

This is an essential rule when calculating speed and distance. Always align the units of speed and time—such as pairing kilometers per hour with hours, or meters per minute with minutes—before computing.

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