2–3 digits × 2 digits

Japanese school year: Elementary 3

What you learn

Students learn column multiplication by splitting two-digit multipliers into tens and ones, then adding the partial products together. This method is frequently used for calculating large quantities, areas, or bulk purchases. Mastering basic multiplication tables and one-digit column multiplication ensures success in learning this procedure.

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Key points

Split the two-digit multiplier into tens $10b$ and ones $c$ , multiply each by $a$ , and add the two answers.

a \times (10b + c) = 10(a \times b) + a \times c

When multiplying by the tens digit, write the result shifted one space left to match the tens place.

Be careful not to mix up carries from multiplying with carries from adding the two lines.

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Practice 1Coming soon